Ethiopia’s Hydroelectric Power
Generating Dams
Theodros Atlabachew August 11, 2010
The highly orchestrated international
campaign against the construction of dams in Ethiopia has become very sensational
beyond limit. Some campaigners went as far as lobbying International Donor
Agencies and Banks not to cooperate in the development endeavors of Ethiopia.
Surprisingly enough some politically motivated Ethiopian nationals, though few
in numbers, are also sympathizing this wretched campaign. Political parties and
governments come and go. However, Ethiopia and its peoples will exist
for ever. Regardless of who or which political parties build the dams these
dams remain to be properties of Ethiopia
and serve Ethiopians.
Ethiopia has significant natural and human resources.
Thanks to its natural resources, it is also referred as a water tower of Africa. Ironically it is also labeled as one of the
poorest countries on earth. Ethiopia’s
economic difficulties and the related effects such as drought, famine, and
poverty have become main news dominating the global media. At a glance, the
global media seem concerned and willing to help alleviate the country’s
problems whle pouring their crocodile tears. But in
reality it is a deliberate act of deception. More often they blame the government and at
the same time talk about the need for food aid. Then the so called developed
countries are in a hurry to deliver food aid. Of course this is done with imposition
of certain conditions. If they give a fish net to a fisherman they new that the
poor will never be dependant on any external food aid. That is why they always
give him fish so that he will always be dependant. Whenever, something went
wrong in developing countries they deliberately talk about the effect, but not
about the cause. For any economic difficulties encountered the blame goes only
to the governments and their leaders. In developing countries, governments and
leaders are not allowed to perform their duties and responsibilities independently.
Unless they are submissive they are threatened by civil unrests and by revolts fueled
by the richest nations. The paradox is, if the leaders are submissive they
can’t serve their peoples’ interests properly and become subject to take the
blame for every problems arising in their countries. In the other hand, if they
want to operate independently the roads will be blocked to them. Hand-full of
rich and greedy people who stir government policies at a global level are
partially responsible for this.
In this era of Information Technology, where the
prevalence of alternative media came into being, causes of backwardness,
poverty, and economic difficulties in most developing nations are becoming
public secrete. This reminds me the wise words of George Orwell which goes on
by saying “Political language is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder
respectable and to give the appearance of solidity to pure wind”. Thanks to this era of IT, visions whispered in
the bushes are now being carried by the wind and reach everyone’s ears. Unlike
the politicians peoples do not lie. Thus, it is high time that the usual
political rhetoric of some developed nations and handful of rich people who
secured monopoly of the media should give way to the free voices of peoples.
Numerous development activities are being
studied and implemented every day in our planet, and the great majority of
these activities, particularly those implemented in richer nations, are not
mentioned in the global media as a negative outcome. However, Ethiopia’s efforts
to ensure a sustainable development, particularly its projects to build
hydroelectric power generating stations by utilizing its untapped water
resources, have been criticized by many and have become global news.
In principle, those who pretend to show
sympathy with the economic difficulties of the Ethiopian peoples and those who provide
food aid to alleviate the recurrent drought and famine on a temporary basis should
support sustainable development efforts of the country such as hydroelectric
power generation. Sadly, the opposite is true in reality. The Ethiopian peoples
and their leadership have realized that they do not need crocodile tears, but
to exert their maximum efforts to improve their development performances in
order to properly tackle the problems they are facing, particularly the current
quagmire associated with development backwardness.
Ethiopia is currently facing acute shortage of
electric power due to rapid development activities and ordinary people and the business
communities are complaining about it. As a temporary solution the government of
Ethiopia,
with the meager resources it has, has deployed diesel generators to alleviate
some of the problems encountered. Definitely this is a very expensive venture
particularly for countries like Ethiopia.
Evidently it is one of the duties and responsibilities of the government to
solve this problem in a sustainable manner. Hence, it has decided to construct
hydroelectric generating plants by exploiting its untapped water resources. Any
development activity of a kind can have environmental impact. The question is
its significance. As a recent phenomenon, the British Petroleum Corporation for
example has incurred a huge environmental damage in the Gulf
of Mexico. Surprisingly enough, before assessing the overall
impacts of the spill, it has been allowed to drill another well in the same
area and no one has complained about it.
A strong, stable, and developed Ethiopia is essential for regional and global
peace and security, whereas a weak and underdeveloped Ethiopia would
be a burden and a source of problems to all.
The government’s development program,
particularly the construction of dams for hydroelectric power generation, is highly
commendable. It is also a giant stride towards insuring sustainable development
benefiting not only Ethiopian but also peoples in the neighboring countries. If
such projects are to be criticized the world’s largest dam constructed in China
and Turkey with enormous negative environmental impact affecting many down
stream countries, and some other dams elsewhere with similar impacts must be
criticized. In fact, the heart of the matter for this unprecedented criticism
is not the environmental concern alone. It is deep rooted in the long-term
resource utilization strategies of developed nations. The prevailing dire
situation in the so called poor and developing nations, which is associated
with vicious circles of recurrent drought, famine, war, and civil unrest, can
be cited as a perfect example. To mention but few, the long, and protracted
civil wars in resource rich Angola,
DR Congo, and Iraq
are parts of this strategy.
Finally, I would like to call upon all
campaigners in general and some Ethiopians opposing the development of this
vital project in particular, to stop for a while, to rethink, and refrain from
bold criticisms.